In a recent article, James Sterngold considers the impact many consumers aren’t seeing in mortgage relief from TARP. As the new owner of $172.5 billion of preferred shares and warrants in 208 U.S. financial institutions, the Treasury Department hasn’t succeeded in thawing frozen credit markets, leaving taxpayers propping up an industry that won’t lend to them.
While inter-bank lending rates have fallen since Congress approved the $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program on Oct. 3, most bank lending to consumers remains tight and mortgage rates were high. The average credit-card rate was 14.33% on Dec. 16, according to IndexCreditCards.com in Cleveland, almost unchanged from 14.41% in October 2007. That’s prompted criticism from Alan S. Blinder, a professor of economics at Princeton University in New Jersey and a former Federal Reserve vice chairman, who says the government should take a more active role as a stakeholder in the nation’s banks. “With the banks in a state of catatonic fear now, they’re just sitting on the capital,” Blinder said in an interview. “I don’t fault the banks one bit, since this shows Wall Street they’re safer, but then this doesn’t get you much improvement. If you’re taking money from the public purse, we should get something in return, and we’re really not.”
Jeffrey Garten, a professor of international trade and finance at the Yale School of Management in New Haven, Connecticut, and a Commerce Department undersecretary during the Clinton administration, says banks should be forced to increase their lending or risk having taxpayer money taken away. “The government isn’t acting aggressively enough to demand a quid pro quo,” Garten said. “The public good is the key to the private good in this case. It’s not the other way around.”
$8.5 Trillion
Although the government has committed more than $8.5 trillion to energizing the economy, and the Fed cut a key lending rate almost to zero, banks haven’t made it easier to borrow. The Fed said consumer credit fell by $6.4 billion in August, the largest drop in 65 years, and then by $3.5 billion in October, the first time since 1992 that there were two months of declines in a year.
In its most recent quarterly Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey in October, the Fed reported that about 85% of U.S. banks said they had tightened standards on commercial and industrial loans to companies with more than $50 million in annual sales, up from 60% in July. 95% said they increased the cost of those home loans. About 70% said they made it more difficult to obtain prime mortgage loans, and almost 65% said they did the same for consumer loans.
Mortgage Rates
While mortgage rates have declined, they haven’t fallen as fast as bank borrowing rates, meaning financial institutions are demanding more profit for every dollar they lend. Average rates on thirty-year home mortgages fell to 5.14 % last month, according to data compiled by McLean, Virginia-based Freddie Mac. That’s down from 6.67% in June 2007, before the worst turmoil in the housing market. At the same time, the spread of mortgage rates over the 10-year Treasury bond yield rose to 2.958 percentage points from 1.567.
The spread of rates on so-called jumbo mortgage loans, those of more than $729,750, is close to a record at 1.6 percentage points above the rate for smaller mortgage loans that conform to terms of ones Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae will purchase, according to financial data firm BanxQuote in White Plains, New York. A year ago the difference was 0.23 percentage points.
High interest rates have angered consumers. The Fed has offered relief in the form of rule changes that allow banks to raise interest rates only on new credit cards and future purchases, not on existing balances. Banks will also have to give cardholders 45 days notice of changes in terms, up from 15 days. Those changes aren’t scheduled to take effect until July 2010. Read the complete article online >
